The “findings” and “discussion” section offer valuable insight into the ways older adults with dementia communicate nonverbally, and how these behaviours can be interpreted. It also offers a good discussion on the importance of caregiver/HCP competence in this nonverbal communication to help preserve a sense of identity/self in the older adult who has difficulty with verbal communication (this article focuses on dementia, but the concepts discussed could be applied to many causes of impaired verbal communication)